Author | Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin |
---|---|
Original title | رسالة الحقوق |
Language | Arabic |
Published | 7th century / 1 A.H. (islamic calendar) |
Al-Risalah al-Huquq | |
Arabic | رسالة الحقوق |
---|---|
Romanization | Risalatul Huquq |
Literal meaning | Treatise of Rights |
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The Risalat al-Huquq (Arabic: رسالة الحقوق, Arabic pronunciation: ['rɪsælætul huːquːq]; 'Treatise of Rights') is a work attributed to Ali ibn al-Husayn the fourth Imam of the Shia except for his relatively short sayings and letters.[1]Risalah al-Huquq is narrated in Al-Khisal, Al-Amali, and Man la yahduruhu al-Faqih all by Shaykh al-Suduq and in Tuhaf al-Oqul by Hussayn ibn Shu'bah Harrani. This charter is narrated by Abu Hamza al-Thumali, a reliable and admired companion of Ali ibn al-Husayn for the first time. Risalah al-Huquq is prefaced in of the two versions by: 'This is the treatise of Ali ibn al-Husayn to one of his companions', which shows to be written at the request of a pupil of him.[2]Based on On 'Treatise of rights' that the word 'rights' is much better translated as duties, obligations or responsibilities.[3]
- 3Hadith
Sources of validity[edit]
Risalah al-Huquq attributed to Imam Sajjad is mentioned in the following sources:
- Tuhaf al-Oqul by Hussayn ibn Shu'bah Harrani
- Al-Khisal by Shaykh Al-Suduq
- Al-Amali by Shaykh Al-Suduq
- Man La Yahdhuruhu Al-Faqih by Shaykh Al-Suduq
The author of Tuhaf al-Oqul mentioned it without a reference, while al-Suduq writes in his al-Khisal as such:
Ali ibn Ahmad ibn Mousa, from Muhammad ibn abi Abdullah Kufi, from Jafar ibn Malek Fazie from Kheran ibn Dahir, from Ahmad ibn Ali Ibn Sulayman Jibili from his father,from muhammad ibn Ali from Muhammad ibn Fazil, from Abu Hamza al-Thumali.
This hadith is Mursal in Man La Yahdhuruhu Al-Faqih:
Ismaaill ibn Fazl from Thabit ibn Dinar from Sayyid al-Abideen Ali ibn al-Hussayn ibn Ali ibn Abitalib.
The Risalatul Huquq begins with 'The greatest right of God...' in Man La Yahdhuruhu Al-Faqih and it does not include the introduction section in which the rights are explained in brief. The mentioned introduction exists in Tuhaf al-Oqul. Number of the rights which are discussed in both introduction section, and the detailed section (rest of the hadith which describes the rights in detail) of the hadith are 50 in Tuhaf al-Oqul while the author al-Khisal and Man La Yahdhuruhu Al-Faqih mentions 51 rights in the detailed section and an additional right called 'right of Hajj' is noticeable. But there's no mention of 'right of Hajj' in the introduction of the hadith in al-Khisal.[3]
Meaning of rights in Risalah al-Huquq[edit]
Huquq (Arabic: حقوق) is plural of Haq (Arabic: حق) and is best translated as 'rights'. However, other words such as justice, truth, obligations, duties, responsibilities have meanings closely related to Haq. Based on On 'Treatise of rights' the word 'rights' is much better translated as duties, obligations or responsibilities.[3]
Hadith[edit]
Risalah al-Huquq consists of two Introduction and detailed sections although these titles are not mentioned in the hadith.
Introduction[edit]
The introduction section describes the rights briefly and begins with the following paragraph:
Know -God have mercy upon you - that God has rights incumbent upon you and that these encompass you in every motion through which you move, every rest which you take, every way station in which you reside, every limb which you employ, and every instrument which you use. Some of these rights are greater than others. And the greatest of God's rights incumbent upon you is what He has made incumbent upon you for Himself - the Blessed and the Exalted - from His rights: that which is the root of all rights from which others branch out. Then there are those that He has made incumbent upon you in yourself, from your crown to your foot, according to the diversity of your organs.
More in this section Imam Sajjad names the rights and briefly explains them.
Rights in detail[edit]
- The Rights of God
The Greatest Right of God
- The Rights of Yourself and Body Organs
- The Right of the Tongue
- The Right of Hearing
- The Right of Sight
- The Right of the Legs
- The Right of the Hand
- The Right of the Stomach
- The Right of the Private Part
- The Right of Deeds
- The Right of the Prayer
- The Right of Fasting
- The Right of the Pilgrimage
- The Right of the Charity
- The Right of the Offering
- The Right of the Leaders
- The Right of the Possessor of Authority
- The Right of the Trainer through Knowledge
- The Right of the Trainer through Ownership
- The Right of the Subjects
- The Right of Subjects through Authority
- The Right of Subjects through Knowledge
- The Right of the Wife
- The Right of your Slave
- The Rights of Relationship
- The Right of the Mother
- The Right of the Father
- The Right of the Child
- The Right of the Brother
- The Right of Others
- The Right of the Master
- The Right of the Freed Slave
- The Right of the One Who Treats You Kindly
- The Right of the Caller to Prayer
- The Right of the Ritual Prayer Leader
- The Right of the Sitting Companion
- The Right of the Neighbor
- The Right of the Companion
- The Right of the Partner
- The Right of Property
- The Right of the Creditor
- The Right of the Associate
- The Right of the Adversary
- The Right of Him Who Seeks Your Advice
- The Right of Him Whose Advice You Seek
- The Right of Him Who Seeks Your Counsel
- The Right of Counselor
- The Right of the Older One
- The Right of the Younger One
- The Right of Him Who Asks You
- The Right of Whom You Ask
- The Right of Him Through Whom God Makes You Happy
- The Right of Him Who Wrongs You
- The Right of People of Your Creed
- The Right of Those Under Protection of Islam
- Conclusion By Imam Sajjad
- The concluding comments of Imam Sajjad at the end of the treatise is as follows:
These are the fifty rights that surround you and you cannot evade under any circumstances. It is incumbent upon you to observe them and exert all efforts to fulfill them. You should seek God the Majestic’s help in this respect. And there is no power or strength but in God. And all praise is due to God the Lord of the Worlds.[4]
Treatise of Life[edit]
Treatise of Life is a documentary investigating the life style from the perspective of Risalatul Huquq. It was made by Amir Farrokh Saber, an Iraniandirector, and was broadcast from IRIB, news channel.[5]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^Imam Zain ul Abideen. Treatise On Rights (Risalat al-Huquq). Retrieved 13 June 2014.
- ^Rizvi, Sayyid Saeed Akhtar. The Charter of Rights. www.shia-maktab.info. Bilal Muslim Mission of Tanzania. ISBN9987620051. Retrieved 13 June 2014.
- ^ abcAllameh Haji. 'A halt on the Risalatul Huquq'. Aviny.com (quoted in hokoomatislamic.blogfa.com) (in Persian). Retrieved 13 June 2014.
- ^Mashyekhi, Ghodratullah. A Divine Perspective on Rights; A commentary on Imam Sajjad's 'The Treatise of Rights' by Imam 'Ali Ibn al-Husayn as-Sajjad (as). Translated by Dr. Ali Peiravi; Lisa Zaynab Morgan. Qum: Ansariyan Publications. Retrieved 14 June 2014.
- ^Staff writers. 'Imam sajjad's treatise of rights is the treatise of life'. yjc.ir. Retrieved 13 June 2014.
External links[edit]
- The Charter of Rights translated by (Late) Sayyid Saeed Akhtar Rizvi. Bilal Muslim Mission of Tanzania. ISBN9987620051
- Al-Risalah al-Huquq(in Indonesian)
Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Al-Risalah_al-Huquq&oldid=934470334'
For the students of Islamic studies, lay or otherwise, I thought, as I go, I would like to or provide books or other documents for download. I may also provide some reviews for books I’ve read in English on Islamic studies as well.
Books For Viewing & Download
‘Ilm Tajwid al-Qur’an علم تجويد القرآن: [download PDF] a concise introduction to science of tajwid (rules for reciting the Qur’an) by Syrian scholar, Muhammad Hisham al-Burhani. Shaykh al-Burhani has been a faculty member of the University of Damascus in the department of Islamic jurisprudence [fiqh] as well as having spent some time in the Gulf, teaching at the University of al-‘Ayn [جامعة العين في أبي ظبي] in Abu Dhabi. I will be using elements of this book to teach a tajwid class for UPenn’s MSA, starting Spring 2012.
Kitab al-Miftah fi al-Sarf كتاب المفتاح في الصرف: [download PDF] a short introduction to sarf (morphology) by the medieval scholar of Arabic language, al-Jurjani (full name Abu Bakr Abd al-Qāhir bin Abd al-Rahman bin Muhammad al-Jurjānī). The work here is a short but concise intro to the study of Arabic morphology. Recommended for students who are able to read in Arabic but are looking to tackle the study of sarf in the Arabic language.
Bidayah al-Hidayah: [download PDF] a classic in the field of Muslim spirituality as well as moral and ethical excellence, Imam al-Ghazzali’s Beginning of Guidance is also available in a bilingual edition translated by Mashhad al-Allaf via White Thread Press.
Tafsir Ibn Abi Hatim: [download PDF] a large early tafsir by Abu Muhammad ‘Abd al-Rahman Ibn Abi Hatim al-Razi [born in al-Rayy in 240/854]. The son of a well-respected scholar, Abu Hatim al-Razi, this tafsir is based on the accounts of the Prophet صلى الله عليه و سلم, the Companions, and the Inheritors [may God be pleased with all of them]: امتاز هذا التفسير بأنه جمع بين دفتيه تفسير الكتاب بالسنة و آثار الصحابة و البابعين بالإسناد.
Hikam Ibn ‘Ata Allah: [download PDF] a collection of aphorisms by the Alexandrian scholar. A few minor errors in the copy until I get a chance to re-type a new one. English and Arabic edition.
al-I’tisam: [Vol. 1 and Vol. 2 – PDF; Vol. 1 and Vol. 2.docx; ebook format with .epub and .mobi files] by Imam al-Shatibi—literally translated as Holding Fast—is an important volume on fiqh, especially as it relates to the Sunnah. The two volumes go into detail on such important topics as bid’ah, as well as clarifying actions and spontaneous actions. I hope to be able to translate this work into English.
Sunan al-Darimi: [download the PDF] the author’s full name being ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Abd al-Rahman al-Darimi (181H–255H), his Sunan is a hadith collection among the other prominent collections such as the Muwatta’ of Imam Malik and the Musnad of Imam Ahmad, etc. Despite its title as a Musnad, it is not arranged by narrator in the manner of other musnads, such as that of Tayalisi or Ibn Hanbal. It is arranged by subject matter in the manner of a book of Sunan, like the Sunan Ibn Majah.
al-Mudawwanah [10 parts]: a classic Maliki text on fiqh. I wrote a small piece about it here. Download the 10 parts here: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 [PDF’s].
Matn al-Risalah of Ibn Abi Zayd al-Qayrawani: [download the PDF]. Abi Zayd al-Qayrawani was a scholar devoted to the education of the youth. His scholarship still remains in a prominent position as one of the earliest proponents of education in history. The book is a summary of the main aspects of Aqidah (Faith), Fiqh (Jurisprudence) and Akhlaq (character), and explains the essences of education in terms of these three principles. It was divided into 45 small, easy to read and understand chapters.
Mushaf al-Sahabah: a small volume [PDF] on the 10 recitations via the accounts of the Companions.
Sahih Ibn Hibban [two parts]: 1, and 2 [PDF’s]. A great muhadith and Shaykh, Muhammad Ibn Hibban al-Busti [also known as Ibn Habban], died in the year 354/965. His collection of hadith were compiled as Sahih Ibn Hibban. The hadiths in his book are arranged neither as in a musannaf nor as in a musnad. Ali b. Balban rearranged the hadiths and published them as al-Ihsan Fi Taqrīb Sahih Ibn Hibban. Ibn Hibban’s collection contains 2647 hadiths, which do not appear in the collections of Bukhari or Muslim, published in legal order in the book Mawarid al-Zam’an Ila Zawa’id Ibn Hibban by Nur al-Din ‘Ali b. Abi Bakr al-Haythami.
al-Wabil al-Sayyib: by reknowned scholar Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah [download the PDF]. The volume, also know in English as The Invocation of God, is a commentary on his master’s work [Shaykh al-Islam, Ibn Taymiyya], al-Kalim al-Tayyib, or The Goodly Word, also available in English.
Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah [in 3 parts]: a short hadith collection from one of the early sources. Volume 1, 2, and 3 in PDF format.
Sahih al-Bukhari [in 12 parts]: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12. All are Microsoft Word documents [.doc extension]. This files will only work on a PC to my knowledge, as the font is formatted for the PC. However, if you have a dual-book Mac with a PC side, it should work.
Sahih al-Bukhari [in 12 parts]: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12. All are PDF documents. These files are best if your machine [Mac, for example] cannot read the Arabic font from a PC.
Mukhtasar al-Akhdari: a short Maliki text on worship [‘ibadat] by the reknown scholar Abu Zayd ‘Abd al-Rahman Bin Muhammad al-Sagir al-Akhdari. Word .doc, PDF or eBook format — Arabic only.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: one of the most significant tafsīrs for the study of the Qur’an, Tafsir al-Jalalayn is generally regarded as one of the most easily accessible works of Qur’anic exegesis because of its simple style and one volume length. Download as a PDF.
Mushaf Riwayah Warsh ‘an Nafi’: a PDF document. For audio files of the entire Qur’an in the Warsh recitation, see here.
Mushaf Riwayah Qalun ‘an Nafi’: a PDF document. For audio files of the entire Qur’an in the Qalun recitation, see here.
Mushaf al-Susi min Abi ‘Amru al-Basri: a PDF document. For audio files of the entire Qur’an in the al-Susi recitation, see here.
Mushaf Riwayah Khalaf ‘an Hamzah: a PDF document. For audio files of the entire Qur’an in the Khalaf ‘an Hamzah recitation, see here.
Hans Wehr Arabic-English Dictionary: The Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic is an Arabic-English dictionary compiled by Hans Wehr and edited by J Milton Cowan. First published in 1961 by Otto Harrassowitz in Wiesbaden, Germany. Download as a PDF.